Diagnose car - a set of methods and means for determining the technical state of a device or system. And diagnostic equipment is a means of troubleshooting. It varies in applicability, complexity, performance and operating capabilities, accuracy of analysis. Until recently, the standard set of equipment consisted of an oscilloscope, multimeter, strobe and other devices, enabling the identification of obvious problems, which "see" these devices at the moment of diagnosis. Cars are improving, with them being upgraded and diagnostic methods. Modern cars are equipped with electronic control car (ECU) that can record and store information about the crash occurred (Diagnostic Trouble Code), obtained from the nominal sensor during operation systems. This enables the diagnostician to know about the so-called "wandering", that is emerging from time to time faults. Some ECU realized the potential of saving not only the error codes, but also relevant to the time parameters of the systems. Types of diagnostic equipment diagnostic equipment can be divided into several groups. The first group includes machines that can diagnose almost any car system. The second - the motor testers, mainly intended to diagnose engine ECU, and automotive oscilloscopes. The third - instruments, testing a specific system. Automotive Automotive scanner scanner - a device intended to diagnose electronic "stuffing." Feature of the scanner is that it does not have its own sensors, and connects to the computer and reads the information from the system. Because modern cars of foreign production (especially American) literally "larded" ECU sometimes find even eliminate (!) Some faults without the scanner is virtually impossible. That is why the popularity of these devices is constantly growing. With avtoskanera available passport data control unit to remove accumulated errors, activate the equipment that controls this ECU reprogram unit, change the display of current information on the dashboard. And this is not a complete list of operations. Some scanners also have the function of reading the parameters recorded by the computer simultaneously with the error code, which allows diagnostician to learn about failure, but also to identify its causes. In addition, many devices can be removed and the current settings, not only from the nominal sensor control unit, but with additional functional, such as an oscilloscope, multimeter, etc. Performance car scanner car scanner run in a standalone (independent) unit, and as a set of PC, consisting of software (SW) and a set of adapters. Typically, the functional of both the same, they differ in ease of use. The choice of the type caused by personal preferences and needs. Agree, and that and another piece of equipment has its advantages. Self-contained unit is more mobile, software package includes user-friendly interface based on the familiar operating system. There are several types of scanners: scanners dealer - have the opportunity to work with a particular brand of car, or with several "sister". In such devices is implemented, perhaps the most comprehensive set of functions and a so-called slave diagnostics. This means that the scanner can not only give the error code and place it appears. He leads the diagnostician a particular algorithm, giving the possible causes of errors and solutions to the problem. multimarochnye scanners - are working with a "Fleet", which is their main advantage. Car manufacturers use different communication protocols and different configurations of information the diagnostic connector. Multimarochnikov feature is that they support multiple protocols and are equipped with cable set-adapters. But such functional scanners for each brand is limited. For example, multimarochniki almost "can not" reprogram the ECU and are not designed to adapt the actuators. They have driven diagnostic options, that is simply an error code and place of its occurrence. To resolve this problem you must use special techniques directories will decipher the code yourself and then find a way out. One of the most popular brands multimarochnyh scanners are now Launch X-431 and AutoBoss (you can find them on www.skanerauto.ru), capable of working with a wide range of European cars, Japanese, Korean, American and Chinese production. Motor-testers and oscilloscopes oscilloscope - a device that allows you to graphically or numerically to obtain information on a particular system and to draw conclusions about its serviceability by comparing the data obtained with the standard. Modern automotive oscilloscopes are equipped with a number of additional sensors that allow the device to serve as part of the motor-tester. Motor tester - Combines the functions of automotive oscilloscope and the device itself, testing the work of electrical motor. In contrast to the scanner motor tester receives information from its sensors, and not from the base of the computer. In oscilloscope mode the motor-tester provides adequate information about the work of the sensors to the ESA parameters of control signals from the ECU to actuators systems. Checks the circuit of the ignition system, etc. In the tester diagnoses the correctness of the various components of the engine systems. For example, the change in pressure in the cylinder of the engine speed to fall off at the cylinder, a vacuum in the intake manifold, testing of starting current, etc. They can be applied not only to test the engine, but also for the diagnosis of other systems. For example, some simulators are equipped with signals - generating devices, analog sensor signals of regular vehicle control systems. In the additional options may include non-electric function testing parameters such as temperature measurement of liquids, oil pressure and fuel, etc. Function by means of special sensors that convert non-electrical parameters into electrical signals. Diagnostic equipment for testing of individual systems Odometer Correction. The main function of the instrument - to change the speedometer. But in addition to changes in the available data the device can be used as a programmer. For example, when changing tires on a smaller diameter greater for proper operation of the speedometer is required to make changes to the ECU. Many modern proofreaders are equipped with a range of additional functions, and can be used as testers and programmers some of the other vehicle systems. For example, testing the computer bags, the definition of an access code anti-theft systems, etc. Diagnostic equipment for immobilizers. Immobilizers designed to prevent car theft, but they are not guaranteed against failures in their work, loss of key holders, key fobs of errors in action, etc. To read the data, removing errors, and reprogramming, and is this type of device. Depending on the model and manufacturer is different and functional equipment to work with immobilizers. Some of the devices are only intended to copy the code transponders and creating a "clone" based on them, others can test the immobilizer control unit and find the cause of the fault, to erase the error codes registration keys and other problems leading to difficulties with the operation of the vehicle. As well as scanners, proofreaders odometers, programmers and equipment to work with immobilizers are available for system testing and site specific brands of cars, so versatile - able to work with almost any vehicle.
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